{"id":14514,"date":"2025-06-07T16:28:32","date_gmt":"2025-06-07T10:58:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibexaviation.com\/pilot-training\/?p=14514"},"modified":"2025-07-20T07:28:01","modified_gmt":"2025-07-20T01:58:01","slug":"modullation-of-radio-wave","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibexaviation.com\/pilot-training\/modullation-of-radio-wave\/","title":{"rendered":"Modullation of Radio Wave"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2>Modulation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>Modulation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Modulation is the process of super imposing intelligence on the carrier wave<\/li><li>Carrier wave is capable of travelling long distances due to its high frequency and energy<\/li><li>Amplitude and frequency of a carrier wave remains constant<\/li><li>Signal wave is a low energy wave containing voice or data intelligence<\/li><li>Modulation is the process of attaching the signal wave on to carrier wave for transmission<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>Keyed Modulation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Keyed modulation is the the simplest form of modulation where intelligence is sent by switching on and off the carrier wave<\/li><li>Morse code is an example of Keyed Modulation<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>Amplitude Modulation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Amplitude modulation is the process of modifying the amplitude of carrier wave according to the amplitude of signal wave<\/li><li>AM Radio Transmissions are examples of Amplitude Modulation<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>Frequency Modulation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Frequency modulation is the process of modifying the frequency of carrier as per the amplitude of the signal<\/li><li>FM Radio is an example of Frequency Modulation and requires a wider band width as compared to AM<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>FM and AM Transmitters and Receivers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>FM transmitters are simpler and use less power than AM transmitters<\/li><li>FM Receivers are more complex than AM receivers<\/li><li>Frequency modulation ensures signal clarity due to lesser static noise<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>Phase Modulation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Phase Modulation is the process of modifying the phase of the carrier wave<\/li><li>Phase modulation can be Analogue or Digital Phase Modulation<\/li><li>Analogue Phase Modulation modifies phase of carrier by short time frequency changes<\/li><li>Digital phase modulation or Phase shift keying modifies phase of carrier using binary numbers<\/li><li>Digital phase modulation has superior noise reduction and reduce fading<\/li><li>GPS and MLS use Phase Shift Keying technology<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>Pulse Modulation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Pulse modulation is the process of transmitting carrier in short pulses<\/li><li>Radar and Data link systems use pulse modulation<\/li><li>Pulses transmitted are of accurately measured and of very short duration<\/li><li>Duration of pulses are measured in microseconds and intervals between pulses are measured in milliseconds<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>Heterodyning<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>The process of modulating the carrier wave is called Heterodyning<\/li><li>Heterodyning produces Upper and Lower Side Bands<\/li><li>Band width is the range of frequency bands occupied by a modulated wave<\/li><li>Frequency range of a modulated wave extends from the sum to the difference between carrier and signal frequencies<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>Depth of Modulation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Depth of Modulation is a measure of voice clarity of transmission<\/li><li>DDM is calculated as a ratio between maximum and minimum amplitudes of the transmission<\/li><li>Formula for Depth of Modulation = (Max &#8211; Min) \/ (Max + Min) x 100<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>Band Width of Transmitted Wave<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Band width is the range of frequency bands occupied by a modulated wave<\/li><li>Heterodyning is the process of modulation that produces Upper and Lower Side Bands<\/li><li>Double side band (DSB) modulation transmits both the side bands to the receiver<\/li><li>Single side band (SSB) modulation suppresses the lower side band before transmission<\/li><li>SSB Transmission requires lesser power since the power is concentrated in upper side band<\/li><li>DSB requires higher transmission power since it has to be distributed between both the side bands<\/li><li>SSB reduces frequency usage due to narrow bandwidth and accommodates more channels<\/li><li>SSB Transmissions suffer from lower interference due to higher power of transmission<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>Doppler Principle<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Doppler principle is used to measure the relative velocity of a moving object<\/li><li>Doppler shift is the change in frequency due to relative movement between the transmitter and receiver<\/li><li>Radio aids like Airborne doppler calculate relative velocity by measuring the Doppler Shift<\/li><li>Doppler shift is the product of transmitted frequency and relative velocity divided by speed of light<\/li><li>Doppler Shift = (Transmitted Frequency x Relative Velocity) \/ Speed of Light<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3>Emission Designators<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Emission designators provide information regarding the radio waves<\/li><li>First part of ED denotes the type of modulation of the carrier wave<\/li><li>Second part of ED denotes the nature of signals modulating the carrier<\/li><li>Third part of ED denotes the type of information transmitted<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2>Best of luck<\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modulation Modulation Modulation is the process of super imposing intelligence on the carrier wave Carrier wave is capable of travelling long distances due to its high frequency and energy Amplitude and frequency of a carrier wave remains constant Signal wave is a low energy wave containing voice or data intelligence Modulation is the process of attaching the signal wave on to carrier wave for transmission Keyed Modulation Keyed modulation is the the simplest form of modulation where intelligence is sent by switching on and off the carrier wave Morse code&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"disable_featured_image":false},"categories":[326],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibexaviation.com\/pilot-training\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14514"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibexaviation.com\/pilot-training\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibexaviation.com\/pilot-training\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibexaviation.com\/pilot-training\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibexaviation.com\/pilot-training\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14514"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ibexaviation.com\/pilot-training\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14514\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ibexaviation.com\/pilot-training\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14514"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibexaviation.com\/pilot-training\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14514"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ibexaviation.com\/pilot-training\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14514"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}